![]() Overall, the periodic table with charges is useful to help determine the nature of the chemical element in its ionic form, i.e., whether it loses or gains electrons to achieve the nearest inert gas configuration. For example, helium (with atomic number 2) has a complete first shell, while in case of neon with atomic number 10, 2 electrons fill the first shell and the remaining 8 occupy the second shell, thus making the element inert. In case of inert gases or noble gases (the helium group), the electrons fill up the shell completely and their charge is zero. So, to achieve a complete shell (nearest inert gas, neon like configuration), it donates its 1 electron, thus having a charge +1 (represented as Na 1+). Over here, the electronic configuration is 2 electrons in the S shell, 8 in the P shell, and remaining 1 in the outer D shell. Let’s take an example of sodium (Na) that has atomic number 11. Thus, according to this method, 2 electrons are allotted in the first shell, 8 electrons in the second shell, and 18 electrons in the third shell. In order to find out the charge, first examine the configuration of electrons in the orbitals or shells (S, P, D, and F shells) as per the 2n 2 rule (where ‘n’ is the number of shells). Briefly speaking, the charge of an element in its ionic form refers to the actual number of electrons that it loses or gains to achieve the nearest noble gas configuration. And a periodic table with atomic mass and charges interprets both the charges and atomic mass. So, all of the alkali metals like to make cations that have a charge of +1. When this happens, the atom is referred to as an ion and since it would have a positive charge, it is called a cation. Likewise, the periodic table with charges illustrates elements with the probable charges, when they are in the ionic form. 'As electrons have a charge of -1, losing an electron causes the atom to have a charge of +1. You may also come across periodic table with atomic mass that gives a simplified view of the elements with their respective mass numbers (total number of protons and neutrons). This labeled periodic table of element with names and their atomic number helps in easy interpretation of the properties of elements. ![]() Thus, instead of sorting elements as per their mass number (which is so in Mendeleev periodic table), elements are arranged from left to right, according to increasing order of the atomic number. While these are the most common valences, the real behavior of electrons is less simple. However, you should be able to determine the ionic state of atoms from the other groups using a Periodic Table. You may assume that the valences of the elementsthe number of electrons with which an atom will bond or formare those that can be derived by looking at the groups (columns) of the periodic table. So, an ion is just an atom or a molecule that has charge and it'll have charge if the protons are not equal to the electrons. In particular how hard it is to make something a positive ion. The modern periodic table of elements, or just periodic table, is a tabular representation of the identified elements (as of date 118) along with their respective symbolic name and atomic number. charge), giving the ion a net charge of -2. Let's talk about what it is and then we'll talk about trends in the periodic table on, on I guess how hard it is to make something an Ion. ![]()
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